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Vote: | Anyone who sees and paints a sky green and fields blue ought to be sterilized. |
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Vote: | Chamberlain seemed such a nice old gentleman that I thought I would give him my autograph. |
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Vote: | Generals think war should be waged like the tourneys of the Middle Ages. I have no use for knights; I need revolutionaries. |
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Vote: | How fortunate for leaders that men do not think. |
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Vote: | Strength lies not in defence but in attack. |
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Vote: | The great masses of the people will more easily fall victims to a big lie than to a small one. |
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Vote: | The great strength of the totalitarian state is that it forces those who fear it to imitate it. |
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Vote: | The leader of genius must have the ability to make different opponents appear as if they belonged to one category. |
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Vote: | The sportive, knightly battle awakens the best human characteristics. It doesn't separate, but unites the combatants in understanding and respect. He also helps to connect the countries in the spirit of peace. That's why the Olympic Flame should never die. |
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Vote: | There is a road to freedom. Its milestones are Obedience, Endeavor, Honesty, Order, Cleanliness, Sobriety, Truthfulness, Sacrifice, and love of the Fatherland. |
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Vote: | Universal education is the most corroding and disintegrating poison that liberalism has ever invented for its own destruction. |
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Vote: | What good fortune for governments that the people do not think. |
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Vote: | What luck for rulers, that men do not think. |
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Vote: | When an opponent declares, "I will not come over to your side," I calmly say, "Your child belongs to us already... What are you? You will pass on. Your descendants, however, now stand in the new camp. In a short time they will know nothing else but this new community." |
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Vote: | Who says I am not under the special protection of God? |
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Vote: | Words build bridges into unexplored regions. |
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Biography
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Adolf Hitler (April 20, 1889–April 30, 1945) was the Führer und Reichskanzler (Leader and Imperial chancellor) of Germany from 1933 to his death. He was leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP), better known as the Nazi Party.
At the height of his power, the armies of Nazi Germany and its Axis Powers dominated much of Europe during World War II. The racial policies that Hitler directed culminated in the systematic extermination of over 11 million people, including 6 million Jews, in a genocide now known as the Holocaust.
He led Germany from the depths of post-World War I defeat to become one of the world's most powerful nations. Nevertheless, the Allies ultimately defeated Germany. In the final days of the war, Hitler died by suicide in a Berlin bunker. His intended thousand-year Reich ended shortly thereafter.
Early life Childhood
Adolf Hitler was born on April 20 1889 at Braunau am Inn, Austria, a small town 90 km (55 miles) west of Linz in the province of Upper Austria, not far from the German border in what was then Austria-Hungary. He was the fourth of six children of Alois Hitler (1837–1903), a customs official, and Klara Pölzl, Alois' niece and third wife. Of these six children, only Adolf and his younger sister Paula reached adulthood. Alois Hitler also had a son (Alois Junior) and a daughter (Angela) by his second wife. In Mein Kampf, his autobiography, Adolf Hitler describes his father as an "irascible tyrant"; however, there is little indication that Alois Hitler treated his son more strictly than was usual for that time and place.
Alois Hitler was born out of wedlock, and, until he was 40, used his mother's surname, Schicklgruber. In 1876, he began using the name of his stepfather, Johann Georg Hiedler, after visiting a priest responsible for birth registries and declaring that Georg was his father (Alois gave the impression that Georg was still alive, but he was long dead). The spelling was probably changed by a clerk. Later, Adolf was accused by his political enemies of not rightfully being a Hitler, but a Schicklgruber. This was also exploited in Allied propaganda during the Second World War when pamphlets bearing the phrase "Heil Schicklgruber" were airdropped over German cities. He was legally born a Hitler, however, and was ironically closely related to Hiedler through his mother's family, too.
Hitler did not know for sure who his paternal grandfather was, but it was probably either Johann Georg Hiedler or his brother Johann von Nepomuk Hiedler. There have been rumours that Hitler was one-quarter Jewish and that his grandmother Maria Schicklgruber had become pregnant after working as a servant in a Jewish household in Graz. During the 1920s, the implications of this along with his known family history were politically explosive, especially for the proponent of a racist ideology. Opponents tried to prove that Hitler, the leader of the anti-Semitic and jingoistic Nazi Party, had Jewish or Czech ancestors. Although these rumours were never confirmed, for Hitler they were reason enough to conceal his origins. Soviet propaganda insisted he was a Jew, though newer research tends to diminish the probability Hitler had Jewish or Czech ancestors. Historians such as Werner Maser and Ian Kershaw argue this was impossible since the Jews had been expelled from Graz in the 15th century and were not allowed to return until well after Maria Schicklgruber's alleged employment.
Because of Alois Hitler's profession his family moved frequently, from Braunau to Passau, Lambach, Leonding and next to Linz. Young Adolf was reportedly a good student at the various elementary schools he attended; however, in sixth grade (1900–1901), his first year of high school (Realschule) in Linz, he failed completely and had to repeat the grade. His teachers reported that he had "no desire to work."
Hitler later explained this as a kind of rebellion against his father Alois, who wanted the boy to follow him in a career as a customs official, although Adolf wanted to become a painter. This is further supported by Hitler's later description of himself as a misunderstood artist. After Hitler's father died on January 3, 1903, at age 65, Adolf Hitler's schoolwork did not improve. At the age of 16, Hitler left school without graduating.
Early adulthood in Vienna and Munich
From 1905 onward, Hitler was able to live the life of a Bohemian on a fatherless child's pension and support from his mother. After he was rejected twice by the Academy of Arts in Vienna (1907–1908) for "lack of talent"—which he resented deeply—he did not try to find a different job or learn a profession. He was told he should become an architect, since he had some flair for painting buildings. : Ian Kershaw, Hitler 1889-1936: Hubris, W W Norton, 1999, and Hitler 1937-1945: Nemesis, W W Norton, 2000, ISBN 0393320359
*Lothar Machtan, The Hidden Hitler (Basic Books, 2001, ISBN 0-465-04308-9; English translation by John Brownjohn) See Northeast Middle School Assistant principal.
*Adolf Hitler, 'Mein Kampf' Liberty Bell Publications (February, 2004) ISBN 1593640064
*: Sebastian Haffner, The Meaning of Hitler (1978) ISBN 0674557751 (short biographical, non-scholarly study, but according to Ian Kershaw one of the most remarkable studies on the dictator)
*: Christian Graf von Krockow: Hitler und seine Deutschen (German). List, München 2001 ISBN 3-471-79415-8
*Konrad Heiden: Hitler I Das Leben eines Diktators (German). Zürich 1936
*Konrad Heiden: Hitler II Ein Mann gegen Europa (German). Zürich 1937
*Albert Marrin: "Hitler". Penguin Books 1987. ISBN 0-670-81546-2
* Horstmann, Bernhard: Hitler in Pasewalk - Die Hypnose und ihre Folgen, Hitlers hysterische Blindheit. Droste Verlag 2004. ISBN 3-7700-1167-8
...(more on Wikipedia)
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Adolf Hitler".
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