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A degree of confidence in our own powers is a useful and necessary incentive to action; but that confidence, heightened by unusual success, frequently degenerates into self-conceit, as unperceivedly, as sweet sleep steals on the weary traveller.
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A merchant may extend his dealings, a tradesman may increase his customers, but the teacher's income depends solely upon the number of his scholars.
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A national evil requires a national remedy; let not this any longer be delayed: let your minds expand, free from every narrow principle, and let the public good become the sole object of your united Christian efforts.
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A spirit, breathing the language of independence, is natural to Englishmen, few of whom are disposed to brook compulsion, or submit to the dictates of others, when not softened by reason, or tempered with kindness.
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A system of education, which would not gratify this disposition in any party, is requisite, in order to obviate the difficulty, and the reader will find a something said to that purpose in perusing this tract.
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All are agreed, that the increase of learning and good morals are great blessings to society.
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As a citizen of the world, and a friend of mankind, actuated by no sectarian motives in my conduct, but animated by the love of my country, I see, with regret, her noble hearted sons, madly pursuing wealth, and grasping at gain, almost to perdition's door.
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At a moderate calculation, among a million of persons inhabiting the metropolis, there are, at least, twenty-five thousand children who attend these schools, and cost their parents as many pounds sterling, per annum.
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Female schools might be comprised in the list of those worthy the public patronage, with great propriety.
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I am an advocate for kind treatment on the part of the proposed society, and flatter myself, that the good sense of perrons engaged in the education of youth, would induce them to try, or adopt, such measures as the society might recommend, if the advantage was obvious, and practice easy: and this too, without being cudgelled into obedience.
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I am persuaded, that if any attempt is made to improve the education of the poor, and such an unmanly spirit should guide the resolution of a society or committee for that purpose, it would render the design abortive.
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I was induced to establish several orders of merit, from conviction that emulation, well directed, becomes a useful servant; and, that the latent genius of some youth is more easily brought into action this way, than by the more sordid gratification of self-interest.
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I wish the enormous wealth of our country may neither prove a scourge to mankind, nor a canker-worm to destroy her own bowels.
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If a society, for encouraging the commendable exertions of teachers, and bettering the state of schools, was established, and gold or silver medals, &c. given, as rewards for merit, it would be requisite that the distribution should be made as public as possible.
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Impressed with these sentiments, I feel a wish, as every friend to mankind must, that names may perish, but truth prosper.
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In proportion as this sweetener of human toil is intermingled in our cup, so do we remit, or increase, our activity.
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In such a case, it would be almost sure of success, if the active members of a society established for that purpose, were inclined to meet the poor as men, as brethren, and as Christians.
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Indeed, I am sometimes inclined to doubt whether some men consider youth as rational and intelligent beings, with minds capable of expansion, and talents formed for usefulness.
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IT is difficult to speak or write with becoming moderation or propriety, on topics to which we are biased by prejudice, interest, or even principle.
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Mankind are divided into sects, and individuals think very differently on religious subjects, from the purest motives; and that gracious common Parent, who loves all his children alike, beholds with approbation every one who worships him in sincerity.
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Many thousands of youth have been deprived of the benefit of education thereby, their morals ruined, and talents irretrievably lost to society, for want of cultivation: while two parties have been idly contending who should bestow it.
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May this plain statement of facts prevail on the friends of the rising generation to interpose for their welfare; that the education of children may no longer be to parent and master a lottery, in which the prizes bear no proportion to the enormous number of blanks.
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My school is attended by near three hundred scholars.
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The complaint of bad pay, and difficulty in obtaining it, is almost generally reiterated through every department of education.
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The institution of a public library, containing books on education, would be well adapted for the information of teachers, many of whom are not able to purchase expensive publications on those subjects.
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The mental powers of boys are similiar to those of men; but in embryo.
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THE rich possess ample means to realize any theory they may chuse to adopt in the education of their children, regardless of the cost; but it is not so with him whose Subsistence is derived from industry.
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The same stimulus that animates men to action, will have a proportionate effect on juvenile minds.
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The sincere teachers of their youth should be met, not with an intention to dictate to them, but to give additional force to their well-meant endeavours, and raise them to public esteem.
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Therefore, it has long been acknowledged, that education, as it respects those who are unprovided with it, ought to become a national concern: and this has been so long the public opinion, that no doubt it would have become so, had not a mere pharasaical sectmaking spirit intervened to prevent it; and that in every party.
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This system of encouragement proves serviceable as a preventive of punishment, the attainment of the tickets being a reward, the forfeiture of them the reverse; and, as such, boys seem often more affected by their loss than by coercion.
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Vanity seems insensibly entwined about our nature, and, mingling with our best performances, often debases their sterling value.
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We daily witness the beneficial effect produced to the community by the institution of premiums, held out to encourage the inventions of ingenious mechanics.
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We have many societies, whose benevolent exertions contribute much to the public good: but among them, I know of none, except the Sunday School establishment, which operates, in a general way, to instruct the poor, and improve their morals: and that, from the short time the children attend school, is but limited in its effects.
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When obedience to the Divine precepts keeps pace with knowledge, in the mind of any man, that man is a Christian; and when the fruits of Christianity are produced, that man is a disciple of our blessed Lord, let his profession of religion be what it may.

Biography

Joseph Lancaster (25 November 1778 – 23 October 1838) was an English Quaker, and public education innovator. In 1801 he founded a free elementary school using a variant of the monitorial system. His ideas though were not original as Dr. Andrew Bell had been using a very similar system in Madras referred to as the "Madras System of Education". The method of instruction and delivery is recursive, as one student learns the material he or she is rewarded for successfully passing on that information to the next pupil. This method is now commonly known as peer tutoring but the economics of Lancaster's or Bell's methodology is not widely discussed.

Lancaster wrote Improvements in Education and later travelled to the United States to lecture and promote his ideas. His headstrong ways and poor money management made for rough times on himself and his schools. One of Lancaster's original schools, funded by royals, still runs under the name of The British and Foreign School Society but it is not known if the same methods used at the founding of the school, under the name The Royal Lancasterian Institution, are still in use today.

His ideas are being revisited by schools now as an effective model for reducing costs. At the time of his death, there were between 12 to 15 hundred schools established with his principles. Bell's schools and methodology were appropriated by the Catholic church, and later the government of England; creating the National Schools system, boasting nearly 17,000 schools in 1858.

A number of schools using his system were established in Lower Canada before he settled there in [[1828]. He opened a school in Montreal, but his attempts to obtain funding foundered and he moved back to the United Sates. Reflecting his travels and work in South America there is at least one school in Venezuela that retains Lancaster's name.

Lancaster died in New York from injuries sustained after being run over by a horse carriage.

Books


*"Improvements in Education" (London, 1803; New York, 1807)
*"'The British System of Education" (Washington, 1812)
*"Epitome of the Chief Events and Transactions of my own Life" (New Haven, 1833). See "Life of Lancaster," by his friend William Corston.

External links

*Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online

...(more on Wikipedia)

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Joseph Lancaster".
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